INTRODUCTION The Impact of Data Science
Now armed with more elaborate knowledge on the evolution of data science, it shall be time to ride to modern-day data workplaces and show how data professionals organize and analyze information to bring about decisions made by organizations.
Learning Objectives
- Acknowledge and address the ethical consequences that data analyses would contain for data stewardship priorities.
- Distinguish between both technical skill and strategic competency required across different careers in the entire data field.
- By identifying the kinds of organizations that hire data professionals, explain how their work drives achieving positive outcomes across different regions and industries.
PRACTICE QUIZ: TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: DATA-DRIVEN CAREERS
1. What type of data professionals are business intelligence professionals and technical project managers?
- Information technology
- Strategic (CORRECT)
- Governance
- Technical
Correct: Strategic data professionals, who are business intelligence experts and technical project managers, also utilize data in their quest for enhanced decision making and the improvement of business operations.
2. Fill in the blank: Expert _____ explores vast and complex datasets in order to identify worthwhile business initiatives.
- data analysts (CORRECT)
- project managers
- data governance professionals
- stakeholders
Correct: The best data analysts look deep into large and complex data sets in order to discover business opportunities. This job is highly technical and plays a very important role in aligning an organization’s data science programs with its business objectives.
PRACTICE QUIZ: TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: DATA CAREER SKILLS
1. What are traits related to communication and relationship-building?
- Investigative skills
- Career skills
- Practical skills
- Interpersonal skills (CORRECT)
Correct: Interpersonal skills are the capabilities that enable one to communicate very well and form strong relations with others.
2. Fill in the blank: A data professional practices _____ when they allow others to share their points of view before offering a response.
- fine-tuning
- self-control
- active listening (CORRECT)
- critical thinking
Correct: Active listening on the part of a data professional entails allowing the other person to fully express their opinions before replying-beating back the person in their attempts to interrupt you. A practice that promotes fuller mutual understanding.
3. What is the process of formatting data and removing unwanted material?
- Data aggregation
- Data governance
- Data cleaning (CORRECT)
- Data validation
Correct: Data cleaning is the process of structuring the data in a standard format and removing some unwanted or inappropriate parts from it.
PRACTICE QUIZ: TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: WORK IN THE FIELD
1. What type of data professional is responsible for ensuring an organization’s data ecosystem offers reliable results?
- Data analyst
- Data warehousing professional
- Data governance professional
- Data engineer (CORRECT)
Correct: A data engineer guarantees the reliability and correctness of the data ecosystem in an organization. This person is responsible for what is provided by the infrastructure in support of enterprise-wide data, making sure that it is easily accessible.
2. Fill in the blank: Analytics or _____ team managers supervise the analytical strategy of an organization.
- visualization
- operations
- insights (CORRECT)
- hardware
Correct: As the Analytical Leadership, they perform a management role where the analytics strategy of the organization is executed. They manage customer and stakeholder relationships and take up a hybrid role with responsibilities as both data scientists and decision-makers.
3. What is a key part of the role of a business intelligence professional?
- Organize information and make it accessible (CORRECT)
- Store data
- Use data to make predictions about the future
- Give data a reliable infrastructure
Correct: Data structuring and organizing for accessibility is what business intelligence professionals do. They accomplish this by performing analysis, building dashboards, as well as creating reports.
QUIZ: MODULE 2 CHALLENGE
1. Which of the following are examples of technical data professional roles? Select all that apply.
- Business intelligence professionals
- Machine learning engineers (CORRECT)
- Expert data analysts (CORRECT)
- Statisticians (CORRECT)
Correct!
2. A data professional is at an event collaborating with programmers and other data professionals to create a solution to an existing problem using technology. What type of event are they attending?
- Hackathon (CORRECT)
- Expo
- Industry conference
- Networking luncheon
Correct!
3. What is the term for data that can be used to determine an individual’s identity, either by direct or indirect means?
- Personally identifiable information (CORRECT)
- Identity analytics
- Digital identifier
- Personal data map
Correct!
4. Fill in the blank: A business _____ data by collecting information from a significant number of users. This increases the likelihood that the data will be representative of the population as a whole.
- Aggregates (CORRECT)
- assigns
- averages
- annotates
Correct!
5. A team of data professionals discusses the potential of their personal backgrounds and beliefs affecting their data findings. They establish processes to ensure that they interpret and communicate sensitive information impartially. What does this scenario describe?
- Protecting customer or user privacy
- Preventing data security breaches
- Generating data from communication
- Avoiding subtle biases in data work (CORRECT)
Correct!
6. What term describes the development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that normally require human reasoning or judgment?
- Design thinking
- Artificial intelligence (CORRECT)
- Coding
- Programming
Correct!
7. Fill in the blank: Data stewardship is the responsibility of _____.
- only business intelligence professionals
- only information technology professionals
- only project managers
- all data professionals (CORRECT)
Correct!
8. A data professional considers ways that their personal beliefs may inadvertently affect their work. They establish processes to ensure they collect and communicate sensitive information impartially. What does this scenario describe?
- Generating data from communication
- Establishing data security procedures
- Protecting customer or user privacy
- Avoiding subtle biases in data work (CORRECT)
Correct!
9. What are some typical responsibilities of technical data professionals? Select all that apply.
- Create business intelligence dashboards
- Build models and make predictions (CORRECT)
- Transform raw data into useful information (CORRECT)
- Explore datasets (CORRECT)
Correct!
10. Fill in the blank: A good _____ is a segment of a population that is representative of the entire population.
- variety
- sample (CORRECT)
- cluster
- observation
Correct!
11. What are some ways in which a data professional can promote their company’s data stewardship? Select all that apply.
- Rely solely on the experts in information technology to govern data.
- Stay aware of human bias. (CORRECT)
- Work in a way that is socially beneficial and inclusive. (CORRECT)
- Apply scientific and ethical principles to their work. (CORRECT)
Correct!
12. Fill in the blank: Data professionals come together during _____ to create a solution to an existing problem using technology.
- networking luncheons
- expos
- hackathons (CORRECT)
- industry conferences
Correct!
13. What are some examples of personally identifiable information? Select all that apply.
- Company names
- National identification numbers (CORRECT)
- Biometric records (CORRECT)
- Usernames (CORRECT)
Correct!
14. What are the key benefits of aggregate information? Select all that apply.
- Eliminate outliers from datasets
- Give people more control over their data (CORRECT)
- Protect individuals (CORRECT)
- Increase the likelihood that the data represents the population as a whole (CORRECT)
Correct!
15. Fill in the blank: A good sample is a segment of a population that is _____ the entire population.
- representative of (CORRECT)
- atypical of
- less diverse than
- more diverse than
Correct!
16. What do data professionals do during a hackathon?
- Vote on the best new data analysis software
- Collaborate to solve a problem using technology (CORRECT)
- Install the latest information technology hardware
- Gain unauthorized access to computer systems
Correct!
17. Fill in the blank: Artificial intelligence is the development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that normally require _____ intelligence.
- business
- human (CORRECT)
- market
- machine
Correct!
18. At a business, who is responsible for ensuring socially beneficial and inclusive practices, applying scientific and ethical principles, and staying aware of possible bias?
- Only business intelligence professionals
- All data professionals (CORRECT)
- Only project managers
- Only information technology professionals
Correct!
19. A data manager brainstorms ways to ensure that the experiences and worldviews of their team members do not affect data team projects. They establish processes for impartially analyzing and communicating sensitive information. What does this scenario describe?
- Establishing data security procedures
- Generating data from communication
- Protecting customer or user privacy
- Avoiding subtle biases in data work (CORRECT)
Correct!
20. Fill in the blank: Artificial intelligence is the development of _____ that are able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
- dashboards
- databases
- hardware tools
- computer systems (CORRECT)
Correct!
21. Fill in the blank: A national identification number is an example of _____, which may permit someone’s identity to be inferred, either by direct or indirect means.
- mapped data
- digital identification
- personally identifiable information (CORRECT)
- identity analytics
Correct!
22. What type of data professionals include expert data analysts, machine learning engineers, and statisticians?
- Data governance professionals
- Strategic data professionals
- Technical data professionals (CORRECT)
- Information technology professionals
Correct: Technical data professionals include skilled data analysts, machine learning engineers, and statisticians.
23. What type of data is available to the public for free and includes guidance for navigating the datasets and acknowledging the source?
- Open data (CORRECT)
- Confidential data
- Restricted data
- Internal data
Correct: Open data can be accessed freely for the public and has the documentation on how to use the datasets and credit its source.
24. Fill in the blank: A person’s background, experiences, and beliefs lead to _____, which may negatively affect data work.
- Bias (CORRECT)
- impartiality
- fairness
- objectivity
Correct: Accumulation of biases in a person’s life due to their background, experience, and belief system can impact their data handling negatively. Bias means a conscious or unconscious tendency that favors or against a person, a group, or an idea.